UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________________
FORM 8-K
_______________________________________________________
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): November 6, 2019
_______________________________________________________
UPWORK INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
_______________________________________________________
| Delaware | 001-38678 | 46-4337682 | ||||||
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) | (Commission File Number) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) | ||||||
| 2625 Augustine Drive, Suite 601 Santa Clara, California | 95054 | |||||||
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | |||||||
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (650) 316-7500
Not Applicable
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
_______________________________________________________
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instructions A.2. below):
¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | ||||||
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share | UPWK | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§ 230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§ 240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ý
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
On November 6, 2019, Upwork Inc. (“Upwork”) issued a press release (the “Press Release”) and will hold a conference call regarding its financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2019. A copy of the Press Release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this report. The Company also issued a letter to its stockholders announcing its financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 (the “Stockholder Letter”). The full text of the Stockholder Letter is attached as Exhibit 99.2 to this report.
The information furnished with this Item 2.02, including Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2, shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any other filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.
Upwork is making reference to non-GAAP financial information in the Press Release, the Stockholder Letter, and the conference call. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP results is provided in both the Press Release and the Stockholder Letter, each as attached to this report.
Upwork uses its Investor Relations website (https://investors.upwork.com/), its Twitter handle (https://twitter.com/Upwork), and Stephane Kasriel’s Twitter handle (https://twitter.com/skasriel) and LinkedIn profile (http://www.linkedin.com/in/kasriel) as means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
| 99.1 | ||||||||
| 99.2 | ||||||||
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| UPWORK INC. | ||||||||
| Date: November 6, 2019 | By: | /s/ Brian Kinion | ||||||
| Brian Kinion | ||||||||
| Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 99.1
Upwork Reports Third Quarter 2019 Financial Results
•Revenue grew 23% year-over-year to $78.8 million
•Marketplace revenue grew 25% year-over-year to $70.7 million
•Core clients grew 19% year-over-year to approximately 120,500
•Client spend retention was 104%, with client spend retention from clients on the Upwork Business and Enterprise products above 125%
•Gross margin expanded more than 3 points year-over-year to 71%
Santa Clara, CA – November 6, 2019 – Upwork Inc. (Nasdaq: UPWK), the largest online talent solution, as measured by gross services volume (GSV), today announced its third quarter 2019 financial results, and released a letter to its stockholders on its Investor Relations website, investors.upwork.com.
“We had a successful third quarter and exceeded our revenue and adjusted EBITDA guidance. Our enterprise strategy is setting us up to address a sizable market opportunity and is showing signs of success,” said Stephane Kasriel, President and CEO of Upwork. “We’ve made investments in enterprise sales, marketing, and product to better address the needs of staffing buyers and results show it. Enterprise sales are on track to drive 20% of incremental revenue in 2019, while clients on the Upwork Business and Enterprise offerings boast a client spend retention number above 125%. Given these encouraging signals, now is the time to increase investing in sales to drive long-term, profitable growth.”
Third Quarter 2019 Financial Results
•Revenue: Total revenue increased by 23% to $78.8 million compared to the third quarter of 2018, and marketplace revenue increased by 25% to $70.7 million compared to the third quarter of 2018 and represented 90% of total revenue for the third quarter of 2019.
•Take Rate: Take rate, which we define as total revenue divided by GSV, was 14.7%, compared to 14.3% in the second quarter of 2019 and 14.3% in the third quarter of 2018.
•Gross Profit/Gross Margin: Gross profit increased by 29% to $56.3 million compared to the third quarter of 2018, and gross margin was 71%, up from 68% in the third quarter of 2018.
•Net Loss: Net loss was $(2.8) million, or $(0.03) per share, compared to a net loss of $(7.3) million, or $(0.20) per share, in the third quarter of 2018. Non-GAAP net income was $1.8 million, or $0.02 per share, compared to non-GAAP net loss of $(1.4) million, or $(0.04) per share, in the third quarter of 2018.
•Adjusted EBITDA: Adjusted EBITDA was $2.7 million compared to negative adjusted EBITDA of $(0.1) million in the third quarter of 2018.
A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures has been provided at the end of this press release. An explanation of these measures is also included below under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Recent Highlights
•This year’s Freelancing in America survey found that freelancing income exceeds the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of some major industries. Results also showed that the largest category of freelance work is skilled services, such as programming, marketing, IT, and business consulting.
•Upgraded sales headcount plan, with increased hiring planned for the fourth quarter of 2019 and beyond.
•Improved our payments platform including launching two new products, expanding to 11 currencies, and optimizing routing to reduce costs.
Guidance
As of November 6, 2019, Upwork is providing revenue and adjusted EBITDA guidance for its fourth quarter of 2019 and full year 2019 as follows:
For the fourth quarter of 2019, Upwork expects to report:
•Revenue in the range of $79 million to $79.5 million;
•Adjusted EBITDA in the range of -1% to break-even revenue; and
•Weighted-average shares outstanding in the range of 112 million to 114 million.
For the full year 2019, Upwork expects to report:
•Revenue in the range of $301 million to $301.5 million;
•Adjusted EBITDA in the range of 1% to 1.5% of revenue; and
•Weighted-average shares outstanding in the range of 110 million to 113 million.
We have not reconciled our adjusted EBITDA guidance to GAAP net income (loss) because certain items that impact adjusted EBITDA are uncertain or out of our control and cannot be reasonably predicted. In particular, stock-based compensation expense is impacted by our future hiring and retention needs, as well as the future fair market value of our common stock and other factors, all of which are difficult to predict, subject to frequent change, or not within our control. The actual amount of these expenses during 2019 will have a significant impact on our future GAAP financial results. Accordingly, a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) is not available without unreasonable effort.
Third Quarter 2019 Financial Results Conference Call and Webcast
Upwork will host a conference call today at 2 p.m. Pacific Time/5 p.m. Eastern Time to discuss the company’s third quarter 2019 financial results. An audio webcast archive will be available following the live event for approximately one year at investors.upwork.com.
Upwork uses its Investor Relations website (investors.upwork.com), its Twitter handle (twitter.com/Upwork), and Stephane Kasriel’s Twitter handle (twitter.com/skasriel) and LinkedIn profile (linkedin.com/in/kasriel) as a means of disseminating or providing notification of, among other things, news or announcements regarding its business or financial performance, investor events, press releases and earnings releases and as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.
Safe Harbor Statement
This press release includes forward-looking statements, which are statements other than statements of historical facts, and statements in the future tense. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the future performance of Upwork and its market opportunity, including expected financial results for the fourth quarter of 2019 and full year 2019, and expectations for capturing market share and regarding the changing landscape of work, as well as statements regarding our planned investments to support growth. Forward-looking statements are based upon various estimates and assumptions, as well as information known to Upwork as of the date of this press release, and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, actual results could differ materially or such uncertainties could cause adverse effects on our results, including: our ability to attract and retain a community of freelancers and clients; our limited operating history under our current platform and pricing model; our focus on the long-term and our investments in sustainable, profitable growth; the possibility that the market for freelancers and the services they offer will develop more slowly than we expect; our ability to develop and release new products and services, and develop and release successful enhancements, features, and modifications to our existing products and services; the success of our investments in our enterprise sales organization and our related marketing efforts, and expectations for the ability for enterprise sales to drive incremental revenue growth in 2019; changes in the amount and mix of services facilitated through our platform in a period; our ability to generate revenue from our marketplace offerings and the effects of fluctuations in our level of client spend retention; changes in our level of investment in sales and marketing, R&D, and G&A expenses, and our hiring plans for sales personnel; the impact of new and existing laws and regulations; competition; our ability to develop, maintain, and enhance our brand and reputation cost-effectively; challenges to contractor classification or employment status of freelancers on our platform; the market for information technology; future changes to our pricing model; payment and fraud risks; security breaches; our ability to sell to mid-market and enterprise clients; privacy; litigation and related costs; and other general market, political, economic, and business conditions. Actual results could differ materially from those predicted or implied, and reported results should not be considered as an indication of future performance.
Additional risks and uncertainties that could affect our financial results are included under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 7, 2019 and our other SEC filings, which are available on the Investor Relations page of our website at investors.upwork.com and on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Additional information will also be set forth in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2019 when filed. All forward-looking statements contained herein are based on information available to us as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update these statements as a result of new information or future events.
Undue reliance should not be placed on the forward-looking statements in this press release. These statements are based on information available to Upwork on the date hereof, and Upwork assumes no obligation to update such statements.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with GAAP, we present non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP net income (loss), non-GAAP operating expenses, and adjusted EBITDA in this press release. Our use of non-GAAP financial measures has limitations as an analytical tool, and these measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of financial results as reported under GAAP.
We use these non-GAAP financial measures in conjunction with financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP for planning purposes and as a measure of financial performance. These measures provide consistency and comparability with past financial performance, facilitate period-to-period comparisons of core operating results, and also facilitate comparisons with other peer companies, many of which use similar non-GAAP financial measures to supplement their GAAP results. We exclude the following items from one or more of our non-GAAP financial measures:
•Stock-based compensation expense: We exclude stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense, from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because we believe that excluding this item provides meaningful supplemental information regarding operational performance. In particular, companies calculate stock-based compensation expense using a variety of valuation methodologies and subjective assumptions.
•Depreciation and amortization: We exclude depreciation and amortization, which are non-cash expenses.
•Change in fair value of redeemable preferred stock warrant liability: We exclude the change in fair value of redeemable preferred stock warrant liability, which is a non-cash charge that will not recur in the periods following the fourth quarter of 2018.
•Change in fair value of our Tides Foundation common stock warrant: We exclude the change in fair value of this common stock warrant, which is a non-cash expense included in general and administrative expenses.
Investors are cautioned that there are material limitations associated with the use of non-GAAP financial measures as an analytical tool. In particular, stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, and the change in fair value of our common stock warrant issued to the Tides Foundation are recurring and will be reflected in our financial results for the foreseeable future. The non-GAAP measures we use may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies, limiting their usefulness for comparison purposes. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP items excluded from these non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures has been provided in the financial statement tables included in this press release and investors are encouraged to review the reconciliation.
About Upwork
Upwork is the largest online talent solution, as measured by GSV, that enables businesses to find and work with highly-skilled independent professionals. We empower businesses with more flexible access to quality talent, on demand. Through Upwork’s matching technology and services, companies have access to a global pool of proven professionals so they can scale their teams dynamically to meet business needs. Upwork also provides skilled professionals and agencies access to more opportunities.
Upwork’s mission is to create economic opportunities so people have better lives. The community of independent professionals working via Upwork spans many categories including software development, creative & design, finance & accounting, consulting, operations and customer support—over 8,000 skills are represented.
More than thirty percent of the Fortune 500 use Upwork. Clients include Airbnb, Automattic, BISSELL, GE, and Microsoft.
Upwork is headquartered in Santa Clara, California, with offices in Chicago, San Francisco and Oslo, Norway. For more information, visit Upwork’s website at www.upwork.com, or its Investor Relations website at https://investors.upwork.com, or join Upwork on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn.
Upwork is a registered trademark of Upwork Inc. All other product and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
UPWORK INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except for per share data)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketplace | $ | 70,683 | $ | 56,766 | $ | 197,787 | $ | 164,180 | |||||||||||||||
| Managed services | 8,103 | 7,347 | 24,179 | 21,832 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 78,786 | 64,113 | 221,966 | 186,012 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 22,494 | 20,504 | 65,207 | 60,578 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 56,292 | 43,609 | 156,759 | 125,434 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 16,209 | 14,377 | 47,705 | 40,680 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 25,322 | 18,967 | 70,319 | 55,054 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 16,519 | 11,707 | 46,309 | 34,102 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for transaction losses | 1,214 | 1,892 | 2,706 | 4,612 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 59,264 | 46,943 | 167,039 | 134,448 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (2,972) | (3,334) | (10,280) | (9,014) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 317 | 589 | 1,047 | 1,674 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other (income) expense, net | (462) | 3,423 | (1,773) | 3,845 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss before income taxes | (2,827) | (7,346) | (9,554) | (14,533) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax provision | — | — | (28) | (9) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (2,827) | $ | (7,346) | $ | (9,582) | $ | (14,542) | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss per share, basic and diluted | $ | (0.03) | $ | (0.20) | $ | (0.09) | $ | (0.41) | |||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic and diluted | 111,163 | 36,070 | 108,844 | 35,129 | |||||||||||||||||||
UPWORK INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| September 30, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 71,160 | $ | 129,128 | |||||||
| Marketable securities | 60,404 | — | |||||||||
| Funds held in escrow, including funds in transit | 114,593 | 98,186 | |||||||||
| Trade and client receivables, net | 32,034 | 22,315 | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 7,606 | 6,253 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 285,797 | 255,882 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 20,668 | 10,815 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 118,219 | 118,219 | |||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | 4,002 | 6,004 | |||||||||
| Other assets, noncurrent | 904 | 653 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 429,590 | $ | 391,573 | |||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 2,934 | $ | 2,073 | |||||||
| Escrow funds payable | 114,593 | 98,186 | |||||||||
| Debt, current | 7,579 | 5,671 | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 21,898 | 20,948 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 1,587 | 722 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 148,591 | 127,600 | |||||||||
| Debt, noncurrent | 12,584 | 18,239 | |||||||||
| Other liabilities, noncurrent | 5,816 | 1,989 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities | 166,991 | 147,828 | |||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Common stock | 11 | 11 | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 415,669 | 387,233 | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (153,081) | (143,499) | |||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 262,599 | 243,745 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 429,590 | $ | 391,573 | |||||||
UPWORK INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (2,827) | $ | (7,346) | $ | (9,582) | $ | (14,542) | |||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for transaction losses | 1,040 | 1,892 | 2,078 | 4,612 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,671 | 1,287 | 4,498 | 3,542 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | 13 | 13 | 39 | 64 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of discount on purchases of marketable securities | (283) | — | (948) | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability | — | 3,251 | — | 3,610 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant | 62 | — | 439 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 3,932 | 1,986 | 10,858 | 5,667 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on disposal of fixed assets | — | — | — | 33 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trade and client receivables | 18,403 | (6,517) | (11,885) | (15,137) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | (738) | (86) | (1,439) | (658) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | 1,286 | 4,745 | 697 | 5,006 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 6,244 | (17,823) | 5,814 | (490) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 1,024 | 5 | 1,432 | 103 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 29,827 | (18,593) | 2,001 | (8,190) | |||||||||||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of marketable securities | (45,383) | — | (131,950) | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sale of marketable securities | 47,700 | — | 72,500 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Decrease (increase) in restricted cash | (150) | 6 | — | (94) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | (2,795) | (301) | (10,230) | (1,598) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Internal-use software and platform development costs | (1,872) | (725) | (4,054) | (2,670) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (2,500) | (1,020) | (73,734) | (4,362) | |||||||||||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in funds held in escrow, including funds in transit | 3,709 | (25,977) | (16,407) | (20,283) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in escrow funds payable | (3,709) | 25,977 | 16,407 | 20,283 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from exercises of stock options and common stock warrants | 3,634 | 2,740 | 13,974 | 7,011 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings on debt | — | 15,000 | 50,000 | 15,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of debt | (26,893) | — | (53,786) | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan | — | — | 3,577 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Payments of costs related to the initial public offering | — | (2,403) | — | (3,999) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (23,259) | 15,337 | 13,765 | 18,012 | |||||||||||||||||||
| NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 4,068 | (4,276) | (57,968) | 5,460 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 67,092 | 31,331 | 129,128 | 21,595 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 71,160 | $ | 27,055 | $ | 71,160 | $ | 27,055 | |||||||||||||||
UPWORK INC.
COST OF REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN
(In thousands, except percentages)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | Change | 2019 | 2018 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | 22,494 | $ | 20,504 | $ | 1,990 | 10 | % | $ | 65,207 | $ | 60,578 | $ | 4,629 | 8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Components of cost of revenue: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of freelancer services to deliver managed services | 6,745 | 6,120 | 625 | 10 | % | 20,143 | 18,172 | 1,971 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other components of cost of revenue | 15,749 | 14,384 | 1,365 | 9 | % | 45,064 | 42,406 | 2,658 | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gross margin | 71 | % | 68 | % | 71 | % | 67 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UPWORK INC.
RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP RESULTS
(In thousands, except for percentages and per share data)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| GAAP Net Loss | $ | (2,827) | $ | (7,346) | $ | (9,582) | $ | (14,542) | |||||||||||||||
| Add back (deduct): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 3,932 | 1,986 | 10,858 | 5,667 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,671 | 1,287 | 4,498 | 3,542 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 317 | 589 | 1,047 | 1,674 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other (income) expense, net | (462) | 3,423 | (1,773) | 3,845 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax provision | — | — | 28 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant | 62 | — | 439 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 2,693 | $ | (61) | $ | 5,515 | $ | 195 | |||||||||||||||
| Cost of Revenue Reconciliation: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue, GAAP | $ | 22,494 | $ | 20,504 | $ | 65,207 | $ | 60,578 | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | (109) | (59) | (326) | (164) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue, Non-GAAP | $ | 22,385 | $ | 20,445 | $ | 64,881 | $ | 60,414 | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 28 | % | 32 | % | 29 | % | 32 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Gross Profit Reconciliation: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit, GAAP | $ | 56,292 | $ | 43,609 | $ | 156,759 | $ | 125,434 | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 109 | 59 | 326 | 164 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit, Non-GAAP | $ | 56,401 | $ | 43,668 | $ | 157,085 | $ | 125,598 | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 72 | % | 68 | % | 71 | % | 68 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses Reconciliation: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development, GAAP | $ | 16,209 | $ | 14,377 | $ | 47,705 | $ | 40,680 | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | (1,503) | (623) | (4,569) | (1,711) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development, Non-GAAP | $ | 14,706 | $ | 13,754 | $ | 43,136 | $ | 38,969 | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 19 | % | 21 | % | 19 | % | 21 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing, GAAP | $ | 25,322 | $ | 18,967 | $ | 70,319 | $ | 55,054 | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | (635) | (355) | (1,860) | (1,026) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing, Non-GAAP | $ | 24,687 | $ | 18,612 | $ | 68,459 | $ | 54,028 | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 31 | % | 29 | % | 31 | % | 29 | % | |||||||||||||||
| General and administrative, GAAP | $ | 16,519 | $ | 11,707 | $ | 46,309 | $ | 34,102 | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | (1,685) | (949) | (4,103) | (2,766) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | (667) | (667) | (2,001) | (2,001) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant | (62) | — | (439) | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative, Non-GAAP | $ | 14,105 | $ | 10,091 | $ | 39,766 | $ | 29,335 | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 18 | % | 16 | % | 18 | % | 16 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Loss from Operations Reconciliation: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations, GAAP | $ | (2,972) | $ | (3,334) | $ | (10,280) | $ | (9,014) | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 3,932 | 1,986 | 10,858 | 5,667 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 667 | 667 | 2,001 | 2,001 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant | 62 | — | 439 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations, Non-GAAP | $ | 1,689 | $ | (681) | $ | 3,018 | $ | (1,346) | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 2 | % | -1 | % | 1 | % | -1 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Net Loss Reconciliation: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss, GAAP | $ | (2,827) | $ | (7,346) | $ | (9,582) | $ | (14,542) | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 3,932 | 1,986 | 10,858 | 5,667 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 667 | 667 | 2,001 | 2,001 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant | 62 | — | 439 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability | — | 3,251 | — | 3,610 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss), Non-GAAP | $ | 1,834 | $ | (1,442) | $ | 3,716 | $ | (3,264) | |||||||||||||||
| % of revenue, Non-GAAP | 2 | % | -2 | % | 2 | % | -2 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Net Loss per Share Reconciliation: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | 111,163 | 36,070 | 108,844 | 35,129 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss per share, GAAP | $ | (0.03) | $ | (0.20) | $ | (0.09) | $ | (0.41) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share, Non-GAAP | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.04) | $ | 0.03 | $ | (0.09) | |||||||||||||||
Q3 2019 Financial and Business Highlights November 6, 2019 UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 1
Q3 2019 Financial and Business Highlights • Revenue grew 23% year-over-year to $78.8 million • Marketplace revenue grew 25% year-over-year to $70.7 million • Core clients grew 19% year-over-year to approximately 120,500 • Client spend retention was 104%, with client spend retention from clients on the Upwork Business and Enterprise offerings above 125% • Gross margin expanded more than 3 points year-over-year to 71% • Increased sales headcount plan, ending Q3 with 65 quota-carrying account executives, with 90 planned for the end of Q4 Note: Reported figures are rounded; annual comparisons of the third quarter of 2019 are to the third quarter of 2018 unless otherwise noted. All measures are GAAP unless cited as non-GAAP. UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 2
Dear Upwork Stockholder, We are very pleased with our performance in the third quarter On the talent side, we are a leading destination for independent of 2019, which further underscores the fact that we are getting professionals, consulting firms, teams, and agencies to find traction in the market. Every day, the evolution of work— quality clients and engagements. including the rising trend of remote work—is at the forefront of major news cycles. And it’s not only the workforce that is signaling that the future of work is upon us. Lawmakers are increasingly acknowledging the This evolution is symptomatic of a generational shift among need to embrace this new era for the success of our communities buyers and users of contingent staffing seeking more flexibility and economies. In late August, we were honored when Stephane and transparency from their talent partners for a meaningful was named to California governor Gavin Newsom’s Future of change to traditional work models that have been stagnant for Work Commission, a committee of leaders from technology, far too long. The World Economic Forum states that we are in the labor, business, education, and other sectors across the state. Fourth Industrial Revolution. This revolution is an opportunity to fix the outdated constraints of work—time and place—that Our small business offerings, Upwork Basic and Plus, and our no longer make sense now that people are empowered by managed-services offering have lower growth rates than the technology. By removing the constraint of location, our platform overall business but are generating positive cash flows. With this and product offerings provide faster, more cost-effective ways cash, we have been increasing our investment in our enterprise for companies and professionals to find each other and work sales team over the past two years. Earlier this year, we launched together. We help unlock economic opportunity by removing Upwork Business, an offering tailored to mid-market businesses, friction in the labor market, allowing more open jobs to be filled and we are seeing strong client adoption of this new offering. for clients, and helping talent globally find better opportunities Clients adopting Upwork Business include not only new clients than those available in their local job markets. Our platform but also current clients that are upgrading from another product enables and accelerates this transformation, as new norms, offering, many of which are increasing their client spend once new laws, and even new entrants to the space further validate upgraded. Significantly, the client spend retention for those that work is forever changed—and Upwork continues to be well customers on Upwork Business and Enterprise has consistently positioned to capitalize on this opportunity. been above 125% over the past four quarters. Upwork operates the largest online talent solution, as measured We believe now is the time to capitalize on the future of work by gross services volume (GSV), that enables businesses to find trends noted above in order to gain more share of our large and work with highly-skilled independent professionals. Our market opportunity and to achieve our ambitious long-term goals product offerings are designed for companies of all sizes looking with profitable growth. Therefore, we have significantly increased for access to talent, creating a flexible bench of professionals our investment in the enterprise sales organization starting in that can support business demands that range from long-term the fourth quarter of 2019. To support this investment, we are complex projects to urgent needs for specialized talent. also evolving our brand positioning and messaging to appeal to a broader range of prospects and to guide them to select the UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 3
right Upwork service offering based on their business needs. Agency Our media campaigns will aim to better target this expanded Engagements audience with an added focus on mid-market and enterprise- any spend with Larger an agency level strategic decision-makers and hiring managers. Engagements any engagement ~20% In the third quarter of 2019, Amanda Vinson joined Upwork as our with an individual Senior Vice President of Corporate Strategy and Development. In freelancer over $1,000, not this role, she will strengthen our strategic planning process and performed by ~65% ~15% lead mergers and acquisitions efforts. Amanda will also manage an agency our technology and business partnerships, such as the recently executed exclusive partnership with Workforce Logiq, which Gig Work provides freelancers on our platform with access to many of the any project most prestigious companies and sought-after opportunities in under $1,000 the market. Commentary Further Investment in Our Enterprise Sales Team Large Market Opportunity Our Upwork Business and Enterprise offerings, as well as other premium offerings that are designed for larger clients, include We believe our total addressable market is $560 billion of access to additional product features, premium access to top professional service jobs that can be performed remotely. talent, professional services, custom reporting, and consolidated Last quarter, we noted that 85% of our $1.8 billion GSV in 2018 invoicing on a monthly basis. For Upwork Business and was derived from larger engagements and complex projects Enterprise, we charge either an annual or a monthly subscription delivered by both individual freelancers and agencies. While fee and a service fee calculated as a percentage of the client’s our market opportunity is very large, we believe we are still in spend on freelancer services; this is along with the service fees the initial stages of a long-term shift in how work gets done and paid by freelancers. What’s more, Upwork Enterprise clients can therefore we are investing further across three initiatives where subscribe to a robust compliance offering that includes worker we have experienced early success: classification services for an additional fee. Upwork Business and Enterprise clients may also choose to use our platform to engage • expanding our enterprise sales investment; freelancers that were not sourced through our platform for a • engaging marketing and brand initiatives to increase lower fee percentage. awareness of our offerings within mid-market and enterprise- Our sales strategy is to land and expand. We first sign a contract level strategic buyers and hiring managers; and with a client and collect a subscription fee for access to the • continuously improving our offerings to support the future offering. We then aim to quickly deploy these new clients and of work. drive awareness about Upwork to potential hiring managers UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 4
within their organizations. We have built out our account management, customer success, and marketing teams with capabilities to convert these hiring managers into active Upwork users and to help them leverage our platform to complete significant projects. As a result of our land-and-expand strategy, most of the revenue from a new client will be reflected over the lifetime of the relationship. Also, because of how we measure client spend retention, it takes several quarters before such expansion is visible in that metric. In 2019, we focused on building out specialization within our sales team to focus on both landing new Upwork Business and Enterprise deals as well as expanding spend with existing clients. We now have specialized teams across mid-market, large, and strategic accounts. Our land teams have been successful signing up new clients and upgrading existing Upwork Basic clients to the Business and Enterprise offerings, particularly with mid-market clients. Expanding with Clients Over Time Number of Hiring Managers Grows Over Time 125% Client spend retention Hiring Manager #1 Hiring Manager #2 Hiring Manager #3 from clients on the Upwork Business and Enterprise offerings Web Developer Accounting Customer Service Graphic Artist Business Support Logo Design Number of Freelancers Grows Over Time Over Grows Freelancers of Number UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 5
As we step up our sales efforts, we expect to see more companies like Automattic, the open-source web development company behind WordPress. com, benefit from Upwork’s offerings. Automattic, already one of the first large, fully distributed companies, started using Upwork Enterprise more than a year ago. Upwork’s quick and easy access to quality talent around the world has enabled Automattic’s team to start up in new markets globally much faster than previously, as they can now find talent in different locations who speak local languages. Upwork has enabled Automattic to quickly increase its global reach and scale as needed to support both its customers and its mission. In 2019, we believe we also have demonstrated the ability to hire, more sales resources to accelerate the speed with which we onboard, and enable new quota-carrying account executives, sign customers to Upwork Business and Enterprise agreements sales development representatives, and sales managers quickly. and help them fill their talent and skill gaps. A sizable portion However, we also believe we have not yet reached our full of our addressable market is comprised of companies with potential for sales productivity. We are promoting top performers 100+ employees, which is why we have decided to significantly into leadership roles (which segment their time between active increase our investment in enterprise sales. We are confident that selling and managing direct reports), we have many recently we now have a fully operational go-to-market sales delivery plan hired sales representatives who are ramping up their productivity, that we can leverage through specialized roles and an assembly- and we have just started optimizing our account-based marketing line approach. We believe we are positioned to help larger programs. We expect sales productivity will improve over time businesses embrace the future of work. given our investments in marketing campaigns, execution of our repeatable sales process, and product enhancements that feature high-quality talent and agencies. We believe that these investments in sales have produced, and will continue to produce, a positive return on investment, and we are pleased with our customer acquisition costs (CAC) and lifetime-value (LTV) returns so far. We are excited to add UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 6
We plan to add more than 50 sales development representatives and quota-carrying account executives and to spend an incremental $1.0 million on related personnel costs in the fourth quarter of 2019. This investment will lower our adjusted EBITDA in the fourth quarter and into 2020, but we believe it will lead to positive returns in GSV, revenue, and client spend retention over the coming years. As an example, while we expect to grow total revenue by approximately $50 million in 2019, we believe incremental revenue from sales- driven accounts will be approximately $10 million, or around 20%. We expect the percentage of incremental sales-driven revenue to be substantially higher in 2020. Product • Successful Upwork Business launch Go-To-Market Large TAM Accelerate • Land-and-expand sales Sales Hiring $560 billion strategy is working addressable market - • Deal Pipeline and Hiring largely accounted for Pipeline is strong by larger companies Strong Economics • 125% Client Spend Retention from clients on Upwork Enterprise and Business offerings • Solid CAC-to-LTV UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 7
Marketing/Branding We are evolving our brand positioning to target a broader spectrum of companies and clients. This includes additional focus on strategic buyers and hiring managers to highlight the key competitive advantages available to businesses that choose to complete longer individual engagements and larger statement-of-work (SoW) projects on our platform. As part of these efforts, we will be targeting businesses that currently buy through traditional staffing vendors, which we believe will further drive sales-team productivity and enhance effectiveness. This positioning will promote Upwork as an upgraded alternative to traditional talent solutions based on key competitive advantages enabled by our platform-based service model. As such, we are investing in brand advertising and testing acquisition investments in these areas. One freelancer’s story is that of Hope Griffin, a copywriter based in Florida. Hope joined Upwork two years ago when her husband was transitioning out of the military due to combat-related injuries. Having been a caregiver for their daughter, now a cancer survivor, she knew working a traditional job would be difficult with the new medical challenges her family was faced with. Finding Upwork meant she could help provide for her family while still being with them every day. Hope also considers her work a source of joy because she knows she is helping clients grow their businesses—she has already helped more than 60 clients through Upwork. She has worked on multiple types of projects, including web content, blogs, video scripts, and email marketing campaigns. We are grateful that Upwork makes work more accessible and that Hope and so many other independent professionals choose to be a part of our community. UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 8
Beyond our branding efforts, we continue our research and thought leadership around the changing landscape of work. In early October, Upwork and Freelancers Union released the results of the sixth annual Freelancing in America: (FIA) report, the most comprehensive measure of the U.S. independent workforce. This survey of more than 6,000 U.S. workers over the age of 18 determined that an estimated 57 million Americans freelanced in the past year. Also, for the first time, the FIA report includedcommentary from Upwork’s chief economist, Adam Ozimek, PhD. Key findings include: • Freelancing is becoming more of a long-term career choice. For the first time, as many freelancers said they view freelancing as a long-term career choice as those that said they see it as a temporary way to make money. In addition, the share of those who freelance full time increased from 17% in 2014 to 28%. • Freelancing income exceeds the gross domestic product (GDP) of some major industries. At nearly $1 trillion a year (approaching 5% of U.S. GDP), freelance earnings contribute more to the economy than industries such as construction and transportation and nears the earnings of the information sector. Freelancers doing skilled services earn a median rate of $28 an hour, more per hour than 70% of workers in the overall U.S. economy.1 • Freelancers are most likely to be skilled professionals. While media and policy discussions often focus on ridesharing and the so-called gig economy, the largest category of freelance work is skilled services. It’s perhaps no surprise then that so few freelancers describe themselves as gig workers and that, instead, 75% describe themselves as independent workers, self-employed, freelancers, contractors, or small business owners. Skilled services are the most common type of freelance work, with 45% of freelancers providing skills such as programming, marketing, IT, and business consulting. • Freelancing enables opportunities for those who otherwise might not be able to work. 46% of freelancers agree that freelancing gives them the flexibility they need because they're unable to work for a traditional employer due to personal circumstances. 1These estimates are in comparison to total value added by industry according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), available here https://www.bea.gov/system/ files/2019-07/gdpind119.pdf. UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 9
UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 10
Product The third pillar of our growth initiatives is product. Our product to all clients in the third quarter. These currencies are team is in lockstep with sales and marketing to not only support frequently used in 20 countries, expanding our reach and our existing business but also keep Upwork relevant to clients relevance globally. and freelancers looking to complete larger projects. In the following sections are examples of how departments across the As always, our focus remains on building the capabilities that company are aligned to create, promote, and drive our priorities further solidify us as a market leader in the dynamic landscape to success. of work. This can be seen by the great strides we’ve made in how we support agencies on the platform and in how we address the Our two newest offerings, Upwork Plus and Business, focus unique needs of various categories. on small and mid-market businesses, respectively. Both were launched in March 2019, and we are seeing increased adoption as Agency customers are able to better self-select into an appropriate level of functionality that suits their unique needs. Agencies, which stand to further grow the number of larger projects completed on Upwork, accounted for a meaningful part The change in our Connects pricing—the virtual tokens within of our business in 2018. Since raising awareness of our increased Upwork that allow freelancers to bid on projects—has also been agency support and capabilities, we’ve seen a promising uptick in successful in promoting quality on the platform by incentivizing the average project size among our larger accounts. freelancers to be thoughtful about the projects for which they submit proposals, resulting in a smaller pool of higher-quality We launched the Bring-Your-Own Agency feature to Upwork proposals. We often make changes to our marketplace offerings Enterprise customers, which allows those clients to bring their that are aimed at improving the user experience; however, it can existing agencies onto the platform, similar to our existing take time for users to acclimate to these changes and for the feature, Bring-Your-Own Freelancer. The launch and go-to- marketplace to land in a new equilibrium. market efforts were successful in increasing the number of enterprise-quality agencies on our platform and drove additional We also made a number of improvements to our payments SoW contracts. Facilitating the inclusion of agencies began platform to increase our take rate and reduce payments costs: with changes to our platform to ensure agencies are able to differentiate themselves using an agency profile, rather than • Instant Payout to Debit Card launched late in the third quarter a traditional freelancer profile. Further steps are being taken, of 2019. Instant Payout allows eligible U.S. freelancers to add and will continue to be taken into 2020, to allow for increased a Visa or Mastercard debit card as a disbursement method functionality around attracting, supporting, and optimizing for and, for a small fee, receive withdrawals to their bank from agencies and the projects they serve. Upwork through their debit cards within minutes. The launch is complete, and in-product marketing is planned to further support the feature. • Support for an additional 11 currencies became available UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 11
UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 12
Category Growth/Verticalization Design and Creative has been our initial foray into our category • portfolio enhancements such as the creation of new portfolio expansion strategy. We’ve seen a roughly 5% year-over-year templates with case studies and galleries to help freelancers improvement in click-through and hiring rates through multiple showcase their work; product initiatives that we have been launching since December • portfolio search experiences to inspire users and convert 2018. These recently launched product initiatives include: visitors; and • improved descriptions of the types of creative work, skills, and • shop-by filters that enable clients to search deeply output available on our platform; and precisely. Design and Creative Video UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 13
Compared with one year ago, more visitors to the Design and Creative category are posting jobs, coming back to post additional jobs, and posting jobs of increasingly higher value. As our Design and Creative category begins to demonstrate wins stemming from user experience developments, product customizations, and marketing improvements launched in recent months, we look to expand those learnings to our largest category, Web, Mobile & Software Development, to convert more visitors, command more rapidly growing hourly rates, and grow repeat jobs posts. Shop-by-Filter UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 14
Mobile clients to approximately 120,500 as of September 30, 2019, representing 19% growth over the number of core clients as of After completing the freelancer mobile app in the second quarter September 30, 2018. We have added approximately 5,000 core of 2019, our teams began the work needed to release the iOS clients per quarter for the past six quarters, and we believe this and Android client apps. The soft launch of the client app on trend will continue in the coming quarters. both iOS and Android happened in late August. The phaseout of the legacy app is under way and expected to be completed Client spend retention is a measure of how well we are retaining in the next few months. The final step to the update is to enable spend from clients. Client spend retention is a comparison of in-app purchases in the iOS app, which is progressing alongside a specific client cohort’s spend in the current 12-month period the legacy app phaseout. The launch of these apps provides new with that of the prior 12-month period. Client spend retention potential to drive acquisition, engagement, and retention on was 104% as of September 30, 2019, compared with 108% as the platform. of September 30, 2018. We believe that this decline in client spend retention—from its historically highest levels in 2018 and the first quarter of 2019—follows an acceleration in client spend Q3 2019 Financial Highlights retention that occurred subsequent to the launch in the second half of 2017 of our U.S.-to-U.S. domestic marketplace offering. Moreover, following the launch of our U.S.-to-U.S. domestic Key Metrics marketplace offering, an increasing proportion of U.S. clients are engaging solely U.S. freelancers. We are observing that We monitor and measure our business performance using the U.S. clients that engage solely U.S. freelancers typically post following key operating metrics: GSV, core clients, and client higher-budget projects and pay higher rates initially but, to date, spend retention. We believe these metrics are key indicators of have exhibited lower client spend retention than the rest of our our growth and the overall health of our business. clients. As a result, in the coming quarters, we expect client spend retention to return closer to pre-platform consolidation GSV, which includes both client spend and the additional fees levels of approximately 100%. We also believe the growth of our we charge for other value-added services, increased by 20% Upwork Business and Enterprise offerings will provide tailwinds year-over-year to $537.3 million for the third quarter of 2019. We to overall client spend retention over time, given that the client continue to drive GSV growth with year-over-year increases in spend retention from our clients using the Upwork Business and core clients and with client spend retention exceeding 100%. Enterprise offerings is higher than overall client spend retention. Core clients are clients that have spent at least $5,000 in their lifetime on the platform and have billed in the past 12 months. These are our most important clients, as they represent approximately 20% of our active clients and approximately 80% of our GSV—and they are also more likely to continue to use our platform going forward. We added approximately 5,000 core clients in the third quarter, growing the total number of core UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 15
Revenue and Take Rate Total revenue increased by 23% year-over-year to $78.8 million in the third quarter of 2019, which was approximately $0.8 million above the top end of our guidance range. Components of Revenue $537.3M $518.8M $486.9M $78.8M $472.3M $74.3M $449.5M $432.3M 10% GSV: $402.2M $68.9M $67.3M 11% $64.1M 12% $62.7M 12% Revenue: $59.2M 11% 12% 11% 12% 10% 15% 12% 10% 10% 14% 10% 10% 15% 13% 7% 14% 5% 14% 5% 14% 6% 5% 5% 5% 55% 58% 59% 60% 59% 59% 59% Q1 ‘18 Q2 ‘18 Q3 ‘18 Q4 ‘18 Q1 ‘19 Q2 ‘19 Q3 ‘19 Freelancer Service Fees Freelancer Other Client Payment Fees Client Other Managed Services “Client Other” is the difference between client revenue and Client Payment Fees. “Freelancer Other” is the difference between freelancer revenue and Freelancer Service Fees. UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 16
Marketplace revenue increased by 25% year-over-year to $70.7 expect it to stabilize at approximately this level for the remainder million in the third quarter, representing 90% of our total revenue. of the year and in 2020. Our overall take rate is influenced Growth in marketplace revenue continues to be driven by an by multiple factors. The factors that have been lowering our increase in the number of core clients and our client spend overall take rate over the past few quarters include the mix of retention exceeding 100%. marketplace and managed services revenue, the GSV generated from longer-term relationships on Upwork Basic or Upwork Plus We expect our marketplace revenue growth rates to vary billing at the 5% fee tier, and the payment method (i.e., ACH from period-to-period due to a variety of factors such as versus credit cards) chosen by Upwork Plus clients. We believe the number of Mondays in any given quarter, the lapping of that freelancers billing at the 5% tier, which reduces friction, and significant launches of new products, pricing changes and other the increased adoption of ACH are positive trends, as they both monetization efforts, the performance of client spend retention, encourage more usage of the platform. The factors that have as well as the amount of time needed for our enterprise sales been improving our take rate are the adoption of Upwork Plus and team investment to accelerate our acquisition of, and achieve Upwork Business, the change in Connects pricing, improvements increased spend from, Upwork Enterprise and Business clients. in our client payment and freelancer disbursements methods, and We expect our marketplace revenue growth rate to be lower in growth in our Upwork Business and Enterprise offerings. In the the fourth quarter of 2019 as compared to the third quarter of third quarter, Upwork Basic and Plus clients paying by credit card 2019. We also expect our marketplace revenue growth rate to be finished migrating from a 2.75% to a 3% payment processing and relatively higher in the first half of 2020 as compared to the first administrative fee, which has also provided some support to the half of 2019, and then for our marketplace revenue growth rate to increase in overall take rate. be relatively weaker in the second half of 2020 as compared to the second half of 2019. Gross Profit For our managed services offering, recall that we recognize the Gross profit and non-GAAP gross profit both increased in the entire GSV of projects as revenue. Managed services revenue third quarter of 2019 by 29% year-over-year, to $56.3 million increased by 10% year-over-year to $8.1 million in the third and $56.4 million respectively, representing 71% and 72% of quarter of 2019. This increase was primarily due to an increase revenue respectively, compared with 68% in the third quarter of in the amount of services engaged through this offering. As 2018. We continue to focus on generating gross margin leverage expected, given our primary focus on marketplace offerings, through operational efficiencies. We expect improvements in managed services revenue has grown at a slower rate than our gross margin to continue through 2020, although not at the same marketplace revenue, and we anticipate this trend to continue. growth rate we experienced in 2019. While our gross profits are influenced by multiple factors, payment costs are the primary Components of Marketplace Take Rate driver. We have been successful over time at encouraging our clients to adopt ACH payments, which puts downward pressure Our overall take rate, or how well we monetize spend on our on our take rate but positively impacts our gross margin. We also platform, was strong in the third quarter of 2019 at 14.7%. In have completed some infrastructure projects and renegotiated addition, our marketplace take rate improved to 13.4% in the third contractual terms with some of our payment service providers to quarter of 2019 from 13.0% in the second quarter of 2019, and we UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 17
achieve lower payment costs. with 22% in the third quarter of 2018. Non-GAAP R&D expenses increased by 7% year-over-year to $14.7 million in the third quarter Gross profit is also impacted by our hosting spend on Amazon of 2019, representing 19% of revenue compared with 21% in the Web Services (AWS). We continue to focus on growing revenue third quarter of 2018. We continue to focus on developing new faster than our AWS costs and have been successful in achieving products and features—in categories and agencies, for example, this for the past three quarters. We plan to move our server R&D investments continue to be important to our long-term hosting services from AWS data centers in California to an AWS strategic objectives. data center in Oregon, which has the added benefits of more machine types and capabilities and lower hosting costs. We plan G&A expenses increased by 41% year-over-year to $16.5 million in to complete this migration in the first half of 2020, which could the third quarter of 2019, representing 21% of revenue compared cause a short-term increase in our AWS costs, as we may need to with 18% in the third quarter of 2018. Non-GAAP G&A expenses occupy AWS facilities in both California and Oregon for a period increased by 40% year-over-year to $14.1 million in the third of time during the migration to Oregon. quarter of 2019, representing 18% of revenue compared with 16% in the third quarter of 2018. These increases were primarily due Finally, our cost of revenue to provide managed services to increased spending in personnel and professional services constitutes a drag on our gross margin, which becomes less costs in the finance and legal departments to support being a meaningful as our marketplace revenue continues to grow faster public company and in preparation for no longer qualifying as an than our managed services revenue. “emerging growth company” (as defined in the JOBS Act) as of December 31, 2019. As a result, we are investing in our internal Operating Expenses control efforts required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, adoption of Accounting Standards Codification 606, and other compliance Sales and marketing expenses increased by 34% year-over-year obligations associated with becoming a “large accelerated filer.” to $25.3 million in the third quarter of 2019, representing 32% of revenue compared with 30% in the third quarter of 2018. Non- We expect sales and marketing, R&D, and G&A expenses to GAAP sales and marketing expenses increased by 33% year-over- increase in absolute dollars but fluctuate as a percentage of total year to $24.7 million in the third quarter of 2019, representing revenue from period to period. 31% of revenue compared with 29% in the third quarter of 2018. We continued our investment in our sales team to focus on We continue to see improvement from our provision for transaction our large market opportunity with mid-market and enterprise losses. Transaction losses decreased by 36% year-over-year to $1.2 customers. As noted on our previous earnings calls this year, we million in the third quarter of 2019, representing approximately 2% spent significantly more in marketing and advertising in 2019 than of revenue. Our typical range is 2-3% of total revenue per quarter, we did in 2018 and we decided to spread our marketing spend and we expect the reserves to return to this normal range and more evenly throughout the year, which we believe enables us to increase proportionally with GSV growth. acquire customers at a lower cost. Net loss was $2.8 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared R&D expenses increased by 13% year-over-year to $16.2 million in with a net loss of $7.3 million in the third quarter of 2018. For the the third quarter of 2019, representing 21% of revenue compared third quarter of 2019, our net loss per share was $0.03 on 111.2 UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 18
million basic shares outstanding, compared with a net loss per facilities expansion. As of September 30, 2019, cash provided by share of $0.20 in the third quarter of 2018. Non-GAAP net income financing activities year-to-date was $13.8 million primarily due was $1.8 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with a to $14.0 million in proceeds from exercises of stock options and net loss of $1.4 million in the third quarter of 2018. Our basic and $3.6 million in proceeds from our employee stock purchase plan, diluted non-GAAP net income per share in the third quarter of partially offset by year-to-date principal and interest payments 2019 was $0.02, compared with a loss per share of $0.04 in the on our two term loans of $3.8 million. third quarter of 2018. Adjusted EBITDA, a key non-GAAP metric we use to measure our operating performance, was $2.7 million in the third quarter compared with negative adjusted EBITDA of $0.1 million in the third quarter of 2018. We exceeded our adjusted EBITDA margin guidance primarily due to better-than-expected revenue, continued gross margin leverage, and lower transaction losses. We continue to take a long-term view in balancing sustainable, profitable growth with investing and building on our leadership position as we seek to grow our share of this very large and expanding addressable market opportunity. With the investment in our enterprise sales team, we expect lower adjusted EBITDA in the fourth quarter and into 2020, but we believe it will lead to positive returns in GSV, revenue, and client spend retention over the coming years. Balance Sheet and Cash Flows As of September 30, 2019, we had approximately $131.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities compared with $129.1 million as of December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2018, and September 30, 2019, we had $23.9 million and $20.2 million, respectively, in debt outstanding from our two term loans. As of September 30, 2019, we generated $2.0 million in cash from operating activities year-to-date. As of September 30, 2019, we had used $73.7 million in cash from investing activities year-to-date, primarily related to net purchases of marketable securities of $59.5 million and $10.2 million of spend related to UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 19
Guidance Before we turn to guidance, we would like to update you on the For the full year 2019, Upwork expects to report: status of our adoption of the new revenue and leasing standards that we are required to adopt when we file our Annual Report on • Revenue in the range of $301 million to $301.5 million; Form 10-K in early 2020. We continue to evaluate the potential • Adjusted EBITDA in the range of 1% to 1.5% of total impacts of these new standards on our financial statements revenue; and and have not yet reached a final determination. However, we do expect that upon adoption of the new revenue standard, our • Weighted-average shares outstanding in the range of 110 tiered pricing program for freelancer service fees will result in a million to 113 million. deferral of revenue. We expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material cumulative effect at the adoption date on We have not reconciled our adjusted EBITDA guidance to GAAP accumulated deficit, deferred revenue, and related disclosures. net income (loss) because certain items that impact adjusted However, we do not expect a material impact on the consolidated EBITDA are uncertain or out of our control and cannot be statements of operations as of and for the year-ending December reasonably predicted. In particular, stock-based compensation 31, 2019. As it relates to the new leasing standard, upon adoption expense is impacted by our future hiring and retention needs, we will recognize a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease as well as the future fair-market value of our common stock liability, which is expected to have a material impact on our and other factors, all of which are difficult to predict, subject to consolidated balance sheet. We expect to share more information frequent change, or not within our control. The actual amount with you when we have reached a final determination on what of these expenses during 2019 will have a significant impact on the impacts may be upon adoption. Consequently, the guidance our future GAAP financial results. Accordingly, a reconciliation we are providing you today does not reflect the potential impacts of adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) is not available without of these new standards. unreasonable effort. As of November 6, 2019, revenue and adjusted EBITDA guidance for the fourth quarter and full year 2019 are as follows: For the fourth quarter of 2019, Upwork expects to report: • Revenue in the range of $79 million to $79.5 million; • Adjusted EBITDA in the range of -1% to breakeven of total revenue; and • Weighted-average shares outstanding in the range of 112 million to 114 million. UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 20
Closing In closing, we had a successful third quarter. The investments we’ve made in enterprise sales, marketing, and product are showing clear signs of success. We’re excited about our sizable market opportunity and, with these encouraging signs, believe this is the time to further increase our investments to drive sustainable long-term growth and better realize our true potential. Thank you for your support as stockholders. Together, we are helping create economic opportunities so people have better lives. We will host a Q&A webcast at 2 p.m. Pacific Time/5 p.m. Eastern Time today to discuss these results. A live webcast will be available on Upwork’s investor relations website at https://investors.upwork.com. Thank you for taking the time to read our letter. We look forward to your questions on our call this afternoon. Sincerely, Stephane Kasriel Stephane Kasriel, Brian Kinion, President and CEO CFO UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 21
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (In thousands, except for per share data; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 Revenue Marketplace $ 70,683 $ 56,766 $ 197,787 $ 164,180 Managed services 8,103 7,347 24,179 21,832 Total revenue 78,786 64,113 221,966 186,012 Cost of revenue 22,494 20,504 65,207 60,578 Gross profit 56,292 43,609 156,759 125,434 Operating expenses Research and development 16,209 14,377 47,705 40,680 Sales and marketing 25,322 18,967 70,319 55,054 General and administrative 16,519 11,707 46,309 34,102 Provision for transaction losses 1,214 1,892 2,706 4,612 Total operating expenses 59,264 46,943 167,039 134,448 Income (loss) from operations (2,972) (3,334) (10,280) (9,014) Interest expense 317 589 1,047 1,674 Other (income) expense, net (462) 3,423 (1,773) 3,845 Loss before income taxes (2,827) (7,346) (9,554) (14,533) Income tax provision — — (28) (9) Net Loss $ (2,827) $ (7,346) $ (9,582) $ (14,542) Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.03) $ (0.20) $ (0.09) $ (0.41) Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic and diluted 111,163 36,070 108,844 35,129 UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 22
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (In thousands; unaudited) September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 ASSETS Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 71,160 $ 129,128 Marketable securities 60,404 — Funds held in escrow, including funds in transit 114,593 98,186 Trade and client receivables, net 32,034 22,315 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 7,606 6,253 Total current assets 285,797 255,882 Property and equipment, net 20,668 10,815 Goodwill 118,219 118,219 Intangible assets, net 4,002 6,004 Other assets, noncurrent 904 653 Total assets $ 429,590 $ 391,573 UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 23
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (cont’d) (In thousands; unaudited) September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 2,934 $ 2,073 Escrow funds payable 114,593 98,186 Debt, current 7,579 5,671 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 21,898 20,948 Deferred revenue 1,587 722 Total current liabilities 148,591 127,600 Debt, noncurrent 12,584 18,239 Other liabilities, noncurrent 5,816 1,989 Total liabilities 166,991 147,828 Stockholders’ equity Common stock 11 11 Additional paid-in captial 415,669 387,233 Accumulated deficit (153,081) (143,499) Total stockholders’ equity 262,599 243,745 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 429,590 $ 391,573 UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 24
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (In thousands; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net loss $ (2,827) $ (7,346) $ (9,582) $ (14,542) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Provision for transaction losses 1,040 1,892 2,078 4,612 Depreciation and amortization 1,671 1,287 4,498 3,542 Amortization of debit issuance costs 13 13 39 64 Amortization of discount on purchases of marketable securities (283) — (948) — Change in fair value of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability — 3,251 — 3,610 Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant 62 — 439 — Stock-based compensation expense 3,932 1,986 10,858 5,667 Loss on disposal of fixed assets — — — 33 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Trade and client receivables 18,403 (6,517) (11,885) (15,137) Prepaid expenses and other assets (738) (86) (1,439) (658) Accounts payable 1,286 4,745 697 5,006 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 6,244 (17,823) 5,814 (490) Deferred revenue 1,024 5 1,432 103 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 29,827 (18,593) 2,001 (8,190) UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 25
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (In thousands; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Purchases of marketable securities (45,383) — (131,950) — Sale of marketable securities 47,700 — 72,500 — Decrease (increase) in restricted cash (150) 6 — (94) Purchases of property and equipment (2,795) (301) (10,230) (1,598) Internal-use software and platform development costs (1,872) (725) (4,054) (2,670) Net cash used in investing activities (2,500) (1,020) (73,734) (4,362) CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Changes in funds held in escrow, including funds in transit 3,709 (25,977) (16,407) (20,283) Changes in escrow funds payable (3,709) 25,977 16,407 20,283 Proceeds from exercises of stock options and common stock warrants 3,634 2,740 13,974 7,011 Proceeds from borrowings on debt — 15,000 50,000 15,000 Repayment of debt (26,893) — (53,786) — Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan — — 3,577 — Payments of costs related to the initial public offering — (2,403) — (3,999) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (23,259) 15,337 13,765 18,012 NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 4,068 (4,276) (57,968) 5,460 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 67,092 31,331 129,128 21,595 Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 71,160 $ 27,055 $ 71,160 $ 27,055 UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 26
Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin (In thousands, except percentages; unaudited) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change Cost of revenue $ 22,494 $ 20,504 $ 1,990 10% $ 65,207 $ 60,578 $ 4,629 8% Components of cost of revenue: Cost of freelancer services to deliver 6,745 6,120 625 10% 20,143 18,172 1,971 11% managed services Other components of cost of revenue 15,749 14,384 1,365 9% 45,064 42,406 2,658 6% Total gross margin 71% 68% 71% 67% UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 27
Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Results (In thousands, except for percentages and per share data; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 GAAP Net Loss $ (2,827) $ (7,346) $ (9,582) $ (14,542) Add back (deduct): Stock-based compensation expense 3,932 1,986 10,858 5,667 Depreciation and amortization 1,671 1,287 4,498 3,542 Interest expense 317 589 1,047 1,674 Other (income) expense, net (462) 3,423 (1,773) 3,845 Income tax provision — — 28 9 Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant 62 — 439 — Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA $ 2,693 $ (61) $ 5,515 $ 195 Cost of Revenue Reconciliation: Cost of revenue, GAAP $ 22,494 $ 20,504 $ 65,207 $ 60,578 Stock-based compensation (109) (59) (326) (164) Cost of revenue, Non-GAAP $ 22,385 $ 20,445 $ 64,881 $ 60,414 % of revenue, Non-GAAP 28% 32% 29% 32% Gross Profit Reconciliation: Gross profit, GAAP $ 56,292 $ 43,609 $ 156,759 $ 125,434 Stock-based compensation 109 59 326 164 Gross profit, Non-GAAP $ 56,401 $ 43,668 $ 157,085 $ 125,598 % of revenue, Non-GAAP 72% 68% 71% 68% UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 28
Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Results (cont’d) (In thousands, except for percentages and per share data; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 Operating Expenses Reconciliation: Research and development, GAAP $ 16,209 $ 14,377 $ 47,705 $ 40,680 Stock-based compensation (1,503) (623) (4,569) (1,711) Research and development, Non-GAAP $ 14,706 $ 13,754 $ 43,136 $ 38,969 % of revenue, Non-GAAP 19% 21% 19% 21% Sales and marketing, GAAP $ 25,322 $ 18,967 $ 70,319 $ 55,054 Stock-based compensation (635) (355) (1,860) (1,026) Sales and marketing, Non-GAAP $ 24,687 $ 18,612 $ 68,459 $ 54,028 % of revenue, Non-GAAP 31% 29% 31% 29% General and administrative, GAAP $ 16,519 $ 11,707 $ 46,309 $ 34,102 Stock-based compensation (1,685) (949) (4,103) (2,766) Amortization of intangible assets (667) (667) (2,001) (2,001) Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant (62) — (439) — General and administrative, Non-GAAP $ 14,105 $ 10,091 $ 39,766 $ 29,335 % of revenue, Non-GAAP 18% 16% 18% 16% UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 29
Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Results (cont’d) (In thousands, except for percentages and per share data; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 Loss from Operations Reconciliation: Loss from operations, GAAP $ (2,972) $ (3,334) $ (10,280) $ (9,014) Stock-based compensation 3,932 1,986 10,858 5,667 Amortization of intangible assets 667 667 2,001 2,001 Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant 62 — 439 — Income (loss) from operations, Non-GAAP $ 1,689 $ (681) $ 3,018 $ (1,346) % of revenue, Non-GAAP 2% -1% 1% -1% Net Loss Reconciliation: Net loss, GAAP $ (2,827) $ (7,346) $ (9,582) $ (14,542) Stock-based compensation 3,932 1,986 10,858 5,667 Amortization of intangible assets 667 667 2,001 2,001 Change in fair value of Tides Foundation common stock warrant 62 — 439 — Change in fair value of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability — 3,251 — 3,610 Net income (loss), Non-GAAP $ 1,834 $ (1,442) $ 3,716 $ (3,264) % of revenue, Non-GAAP 2% -2% 2% -2% Net Loss per Share Reconciliation: Weighted-average shares outstanding 111,163 36,070 108,844 35,129 Net loss per share, GAAP $ (0.03) $ (0.20) $ (0.09) $ (0.41) Net income (loss) per share, Non-GAAP $ 0.02 $ (0.04) $ 0.03 $ (0.09) UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 30
About Upwork Upwork is the largest online talent solution that enables facts, and statements in the future tense. These statements businesses to find and work with highly skilled independent include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the future professionals, as measured by GSV. We empower businesses performance of Upwork and its market opportunity, including with more-flexible access to quality talent, on demand. Through expected financial results for the fourth quarter of 2019 and Upwork’s matching technology and services, companies have full year 2019, and expectations for capturing market share access to a global pool of proven professionals so they can scale and regarding the changing landscape of work, as well as their teams dynamically to meet business needs. Upwork also statements regarding our planned investments to support provides skilled professionals and agencies access to growth and to convert customers, increase client spend, and more opportunities. moderate expenses. Forward-looking statements are based upon various estimates and assumptions, as well as information Upwork’s mission is to create economic opportunities so people known to Upwork as of the date hereof, and are subject to have better lives. The community of independent professionals risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, actual results could differ working via Upwork spans many categories including software materially or such uncertainties could cause adverse effects development, creative and design, finance and accounting, on our results, including: our ability to attract and retain a consulting, operations, and customer support. More than 8,000 community of freelancers and clients; our limited operating skills are represented. history under our current platform and pricing model; our focus on the long-term and our investments in sustainable, profitable More than 30% of the Fortune 500 use Upwork. Clients include growth; the possibility that the market for freelancers and the Airbnb, Automattic, BISSELL, GE, and Microsoft. services they offer will develop more slowly than we expect; our Upwork is headquartered in Santa Clara, Calif., with offices in ability to develop and release new products and services, and Chicago, San Francisco, and Oslo, Norway. For more information, develop and release successful enhancements, features, and visit Upwork’s website at www.upwork.com or its investor modifications to our existing products and services; the success relations website at https://investors.upwork.com, or join of our investments in our enterprise sales organization and our Upwork on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn. related marketing efforts, and expectations for the ability for enterprise sales to drive incremental revenue growth in 2019; Upwork is a registered trademark of Upwork Inc. All other changes in the amount and mix of services facilitated through product and brand names may be trademarks or registered our platform in a period; our ability to generate revenue from trademarks of their respective owners. our marketplace offerings and the effects of fluctuations in our level of client spend retention; changes in our level of investment Safe Harbor Statement in sales and marketing, R&D, and G&A expenses, and our hiring plans for sales personnel; the impact of new and existing laws This stockholder letter includes forward-looking statements, and regulations; competition; our ability to develop, maintain, and which are statements other than statements of historical enhance our brand and reputation cost-effectively; challenges UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 31
to contractor classification or employment status of freelancers measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute on our platform; the market for information technology; future for analysis of financial results as reported under GAAP. changes to our pricing model; payment and fraud risks; security breaches; our ability to sell to mid-market and large enterprise We use these non-GAAP financial measures in conjunction clients; privacy; litigation and related costs; and other general with financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP for market, political, economic, and business conditions. Actual planning purposes and as a measure of financial performance. results could differ materially from those predicted or implied, These measures provide consistency and comparability with past and reported results should not be considered as an indication of financial performance, facilitate period-to-period comparisons of future performance. core operating results, and also facilitate comparisons with other peer companies, many of which use similar non-GAAP financial Additional risks and uncertainties that could affect our financial measures to supplement their GAAP results. We exclude the results are included under the caption “Risk Factors” in our following items from one or more of our non-GAAP Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August financial measures: 7, 2019, and our other SEC filings, which are available on the investor relations page of our website at https://investors. • Stock-based compensation expense. We exclude stock- upwork.com and on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Additional based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense, information will also be set forth in our Quarterly Report on Form from certain of our non-GAAP financial measures because 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2019, when filed. we believe that excluding this item provides meaningful All forward-looking statements contained herein are based on supplemental information regarding operational performance. information available to us as of the date hereof, and we do not In particular, companies calculate stock-based compensation assume any obligation to update these statements as a result of expense using a variety of valuation methodologies and new information or future events. subjective assumptions. Undue reliance should not be placed on the forward-looking • Depreciation and amortization. We exclude depreciation and statements in this stockholder letter. These statements are based amortization, which are non-cash expenses. on information available to Upwork on the date hereof, and • Change in fair value of redeemable preferred stock warrant Upwork assumes no obligation to update such statements. liability. We exclude the change in fair value of redeemable preferred stock warrant liability, which is a non-cash charge Non-GAAP Financial Measures that will not recur in the periods following the fourth quarter of 2018. To supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with GAAP, we present non- • Change in fair value of our Tides Foundation common stock GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP net warrant. We exclude the change in fair value of this common income (loss), non-GAAP operating expenses, and adjusted stock warrant, which is a non-cash expense included in general EBITDA in this stockholder letter. Our use of non-GAAP financial and administrative expenses. measures has limitations as an analytical tool, and these UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 32
Investors are cautioned that there are material limitations associated with the use of non-GAAP financial measures as an analytical tool. In particular, stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, and the change in fair value of our common stock warrant issued to the Tides Foundation are recurring and will be reflected in our financial results for the foreseeable future. The non-GAAP measures we use may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies, limiting their usefulness for comparison purposes. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP items excluded from these non- GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures has been provided in the financial statement tables included in this stockholder letter, and investors are encouraged to review the reconciliation. UPWORK STOCKHOLDER LETTER Q3 2019 33